Survival Analisis Kapplan Meier Pasien COVID-19 di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar
Abstract
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan probabilitas survival pasien COVID-19 di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo berdasarkan faktor umur, jenis kelamin, komorbiditas, dan penggunaan ventilator. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan Retrospective Cohort. Sebanyak 138 data pasien dengan kriteria inklusi mengalami minimal dua gejala saat terkonfirmasi COVID-19 diambil sebagai sampel. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menelusuri rekam medis pasien COVID-19 tahun 2021 berdasarkan variabel umur, jenis kelamin, komorbiditas, dan penggunaan ventilator. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengusulan Ethical Clearance pada bulan Mei tahun 2021 dilanjutkan dengan pelaksanaan penelitian di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo pada bulan Juni-Agustus tahun 2021. Data dianalisisn dengan menggunakan analisis survival Kapplan Meier untuk mengetahui perbedaan probabilitas survival pasien COVID-19. Selanjutnya, dilakukan analisis Cox Regresi untuk mengetahui besar risiko variabel independen terhadap kematian. Hasil: Dari analisis survival Kapplan Meier, ditemukan ada perbedaan probabilitas survival pasien COVID-19 berdasarkan faktor umur, komorbiditas, dan penggunaan ventilator dengan nilai (p=0.022) (p=0.000) dan (p=0.000) secara berturut-turut. Pada analisis Cox Regresi, ditemukan besar risiko umur, komorbiditas, dan penggunaan ventilator terhadap kematian pasien COVID-19 yaitu (HR=1.847) (HR=10.231) dan (HR=15.143) secara berturut-turut. Kesimpulan: Faktor survival diharapkan menjadi dasar untuk mengembangkan teknologi atau metode prediksi prognosis penyakit COVID-19.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Sheng WH. Coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). Vol. 31, Journal of Internal Medicine of Taiwan. 2020. 61–66 p.
Liu X, Ahmad Z, Gemeay AM, Abdulrahman AT, Hafez EH, Khalil N. Modeling the survival times of the COVID-19 patients with a new statistical model: A case study from China [Internet]. Vol. 16, Plos One. 2021. e0254999 p. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254999
Ji JS, Liu Y, Liu R, Zha Y, Chang X, Zhang L, et al. Survival analysis of hospital length of stay of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia patients in Sichuan, China. medRxiv. 2020;
Susilo A, Rumende CM, Pitoyo CW, Santoso WD, Yulianti M, Herikurniawan H, et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Vol. 7, Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. 2020. 45 p.
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506.
Organization WH. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-70 [Internet]. Vol. 31, Journal of Internal Medicine of Taiwan. 2020. 61–66 p. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200330-sitrep-70-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=7e0fe3f8_4
SatgasCov. COVID-19 Cases Daily Report [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://covid19.sulselprov.go.id/
Li X, Xu S, Yu M, Wang K, Tao Y, Zhou Y, et al. Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan [Internet]. Vol. 146, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Elsevier Inc.; 2020. 110–118 p. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.006
Chen R, Liang W, Jiang M, Guan W, Zhan C, Wang T, et al. Risk Factors of Fatal Outcome in Hospitalized Subjects With Coronavirus Disease 2019 From a Nationwide Analysis in China. Vol. 158, Chest. 2020. 97–105 p.
Sousa GJB, Garces TS, Cestari VRF, Florêncio RS, Moreira TMM, Pereira MLD. Mortality and survival of COVID-19. Epidemiology and Infection. 2020. 1–6 p.
Mollazehi M, Mollazehi M, Abdel-Salam A-S. Modeling Survival Time to Recovery from COVID-19: A Case Study on Singapore. 2020. 1–9 p.
Salki S. Faktor Prognosis Kematian Pasien COVID-19; A Literature Review. Insuher Heal J. 2020;1(2):52–5.
Dahlan S. Analisis Survival: Dasar-dasar Teori dan Aplikasi Program SPSS. Jakarta: Sagung Seto; 2012.
Gerrij P, Djemi T, Nola M. Hubungan antara Jenis Kelamin dan Kejadian Kematian Mendadak. J e-Clinic. 2017;5(2):194–9.
Nemati M, Ansary J, Nemati N. Machine-Learning Approaches in COVID-19 Survival Analysis and Discharge-Time Likelihood Prediction Using Clinical Data. Patterns [Internet]. 2020;1(5):100074. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2020.100074
Yadaw AS, Li Y chak, Bose S, Iyengar R, Bunyavanich S, Pandey G. Clinical features of COVID-19 mortality: development and validation of a clinical prediction model. Lancet Digit Heal [Internet]. 2020;2(10):e516–25. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30217-X
Salinas-Escudero G, Carrillo-Vega MF, Granados-García V, Martínez-Valverde S, Toledano-Toledano F, Garduño-Espinosa J. A survival analysis of COVID-19 in the Mexican population. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1–8.
Dong G, Du Z, Zhu J, Guo Y, Gao W, Guo W, et al. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities: a retrospective analysis of the infection peak in Wuhan. Ann Transl Med. 2021;9(4):280–280.
Nijman G, Wientjes M, Ramjith J, Janssen N, Hoogerwerf J, Abbink E, et al. Risk factors for in-hospital mortality in laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients in the Netherlands: A competing risk survival analysis. PLoS One [Internet]. 2021;16(3 March):3–13. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249231
Neumann-Podczaska A, Chojnicki M, Karbowski LM, Al-Saad SR, Hashmi AA, Chudek J, et al. Clinical characteristics and survival analysis in a small sample of older COVID-19 patients with defined 60-day outcome. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(22):1–12.
Audina B, Fatekurohman M. Analisis Survival pada Data Pasien Covid 19 di Kabupaten Jember. Berk Sainstek. 2020;8(4):118.
Sulantari S, Hariadi W. Analisis Survival Waktu Sembuh Pasien Covid-19 Di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Transform J Pendidik Mat dan Mat. 2020;4(2):375–86.
Rahayu LA, Admiyanti JC, Khalda YI, Adha FR, Agistany NFF. Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus Dan Obesitas Sebagai Faktor Komorbiditas Utama Terhadap Mortalitas Pasien Covid-19 : Sebuah Studi Literatur Tijauan Pustaka Hypertension , Diabetes Mellitus , and Obesity As the Main Comorbidity Factors of Mortality in Covid-1. J Ilm Mhs Kedokt Indones. 2021;9:90–7.
Altonen BL, Arreglado TM, Leroux O, Murray-Ramcharan M, Engdahl R. Characteristics, comorbidities and survival analysis of young adults hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(12 December):1–16. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243343
Grippo, Navarra S, Orsi C, Manno V, Grande E, Crialesi R, et al. The Role of COVID-19 in the Death of SARS-CoV-2–Positive Patients: A Study Based on Death Certificates. J Clin Med. 2020;9(11):3459.
Nseir S, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Metzelard M, Du Cheyron D, Lambiotte F, et al. Relationship between ventilator-associated pneumonia and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a planned ancillary analysis of the coVAPid cohort. Crit Care. 2021;25(1):177.
Hazard D, Kaier K, Von Cube M, Grodd M, Bugiera L, Lambert J, et al. Joint analysis of duration of ventilation, length of intensive care, and mortality of COVID-19 patients: A multistate approach. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2020;20(1):1–9.
Giacobbe DR, Battaglini D, Enrile EM, Dentone C, Vena A, Robba C, et al. Incidence and Prognosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Study. J Clin Med. 2021;10(4):555.
Auld SC, Caridi-Scheible M, Blum JM, Robichaux C, Kraft C, Jacob JT, et al. ICU and ventilator mortality among critically ill adults with COVID-19. Crit Care Med. 2020;1–12.
Maes M, Higginson E, Pereira-Dias J, Curran MD, Parmar S, Khokhar F, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Crit Care. 2021;25(1):1–11.
