Peran mikrobiota usus dalam perkembangan obesitas

Susmiati Susmiati✉
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/mka.v42.i1.p41-49.2019

Abstract

Sampai sekarang etiologi  obesitas masih belum jelas dan masih diperdebatkan. Baru-baru ini mikrobiota usus dianggap sebagai salah satu faktor yang berperan terhadap kejadian obesitas. Tujuan: Untuk membahas tentang peran mikrobiota usus terhadap kejadian obesitas. Metode: Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan review beberapa literature yang berhubungan dengan peran mikrobiota usus baik pada hewan coba maupun pada manusia dengan berbagai metode penelitian. Hasil: Pada penelusuran literature didapatkan  peran mikrobiota usus terhadap kejadian obesitas dapat melalui beberapa mekanisme yaitu melalui jalur metabolik, inflamasi dan hormonal. Jalur metabolik dengan peningkatan produksi Short-Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA), perubahan metabolisme asam empedu dan FXR/TGR5 signaling, jalur inflamasi dengan peningkatan lipopolisakarida (LPS) dan endocannabinoid (eCB) system yang mengatur metabolisme dan rasa lapar melalui microbiota-gut-brain axis serta jalur hormonal yaitu penekanan fiaf, peningkatan Peptide YY (PYY), dan ekspresi dari G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Simpulan: Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan mekanisme utama peran mikrobiota terhadap perkembangan obesitas dapat melalui jalur metabolik, inflamasi, maupun hormonal.

Keywords

mikrobiota usus; jalur metabolik; inflamasi; hormonal; obesitas

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References

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