INHIBISI AKTIVITAS PROLIFERASI SEL DAN PERUBAHAN HISTOPATOLOGIS MUKOSA WISTAR DENGAN PEMBERIAN PERASAN SELEDRI

Abstract

Abstrak
Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh pemberian perasan seledri pada tikus wistar yang diinduksi karsinogenesis kolon.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa seledri dapat mencegah karsinogenesis kolon pada tikus wistar yang diinduksi dengan 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) dengan dan tanpa diet tinggi lemak dan tinggi protein.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan desain randomized post test control group. Subyek penelitian adalah 25 ekor tikus wistar jantan berusia 12 minggu yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok I mendapat injeksi 1,2 DMH subkutan; kelompok II mendapat injeksi 1,2 DMH dan seledri per oral ; kelompok III mendapat injeksi 1,2 DMH subkutan dan diet tinggi lemak dan protein sedangkan kelompok IV selain mendapat injeksi 1,2 DMH subkutan dan diet tinggi lemak dan protein, juga diberi seledri per oral. Perlakuan untuk kelompok I –IV diberikan selama 12 minggu. Sedangkan kelompok V mendapat 1,2 DMH dan seledri selama 16 minggu.
Setelah masa perlakuan berakhir, semua tikus dimatikan dan usus besar diambil. Untuk menilai perubahan histopatologik salah satu potongan diproses dan diwarnai dengan HE. Potongan yang lain diwarnai dengan teknik argirofilik dari Ploton untuk analisis aktivitas proliferasi sel. Perubahan histopatologis dinilai secara mikroskopik sesuai kriteria WHO sedangkan aktivitas proliferasi sel dinilai dari jumlah titik AgNOR.
Perubahan histopatologik menunjukkan bahwa tikus yang diinduksi dengan 1,2 DMH atau disertai diet tinggi lemak dan protein mengalami perubahan morfologik dan displasia yang lebih berat dibanding tikus yang diinduksi dan diberi seledri.
Analisis statistik memakai uji Mann-Whitney didapatkan perbedaan bermakna aktivitas proliferasi sel antara kelompok yang diberi 1,2 DMH dan seledri dengan kelompok yang hanya diberi 1,2 DMH. Pemberian seledri mampu menghambat perubahan histopatologis dan aktivitas proliferasi argrophylic nucledar regions (AgNOR) sel epitel mukosa pada tikus yang diinduksi karsinogenesis kolon dengan 1,2 DMH atau disertai diet tinggi lemak dan protein.
Kata Kunci : Karsinogenesis kolon, Seledri, 1,2 DMH, Diet tinggi lemak dan protein
Perubahan histopatologis, hitung AgNOR
Abstract
Has been done research on the effect of celery juice to wistar rats that induced for colon carcinogenesis. Specifically, the aim of this research is to prove celery
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could prevent the colon carcinogenesis of wistar rats which induced while 1.2 DMH in condition with or without high fat high protein dietary.
This study was an experimental study with randomized post test control group. Design totally 25 male wistar rats, aged 12 weeks which randomly divided into five groups, each group consist of 5 rats. Each group were treated by s.c injection of 20 mg/kgBW 1.2 DMH which had been injected once a week. Groups II, IV and V had orally been given a juice celery everyday. Whereas, groups III and IV were fed with the high fat high protein diet,ad libitum. Such above treatment mentioned was treated to all of groups I to IV for 12 weeks, but group V treated for 16 weeks.
After the limit of this treatment was finished, all rats were terminated, and large intestines were resected. For the purpose of the histopathological evaluation one of cut sections processed by histological procedures regularlyand stained with H&E. The other of sections was stained by using the argyrophilic techniques as described by Ploton to analyses the activity of cell proliferation. Histopathological pattern in form of epithelial changes had been evaluated by using WHO’s criterias. AgNOR dots were calculated in the nucleus of 100 epithelial cells by using high power fields with emersion oil.
The results of histopathological changes indicated the rats induced by 1.2 DMH only or with high fat high protein diet demonstrated a higher degren on morphological changes and dysplasia when it was compared with the group of rats given by celery beside carcinogenic agents. By having analyzed to group I against group II by using Mann-Whittney U-test, it significant differences for cell proliferative activity. This study concluded that celery was effective to prevent histopathological changes and decrease the activity of cell proliferation (AgNOR) in 1.2 DMH induced colon tumors.
Keywords: Colon carcinogenesis, celery, 1.2 DMH, high fat high protein diet, histopathological changes, AgNOR count