KONSUMSI MIKRONUTRIEN DAN EKSPRESI GEN eNOS3 ALEL INTRO 4a4b PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI ETNIK MINANGKABAU

Abstract

Abstrak
Gen eNOS3 varian intron 4a4b merupakan salah satu gen yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi esensial. Kemampuan Gen eNOS3 varian ini untuk mensintesis enzim nitric oxide synthase (NOS) berkurang sehingga sintesis Nitric oxide (NO) menurun. Senyawa NO adalah suatu senyawa vasoaktif yang menyebabkan vasodilatasi pembuluh darah.
Penelitian pada subjek hipertensi dan normotensi berusia 30-65 tahun bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh mikronutrien terhadap ekspresi gen eNOS3 alel intron 4a4b. 130 subjek, diwawancara pola makannya lalu dilakukan analisis asupan mikronutrien, gen eNOS3, serta kadar NO plasma. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji T dan chi-square.
Kadar NO plasma penderita hipertensi adalah 26.91 + 15.40 μM/L dan normotensi 25.79 + 15.04 μM/L. 55.5% subjek hipertensi memiliki gen eNOS3 varian intron 4b dan 69% subjek normotensi mempunyai varian intron 4a4b. Kadar NO plasma rendah, (66.7%) ditemukan pada subjek hipertensi dengan varian intron 4b. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna asupan mikronutrien dengan kadar NO plasma pada subjek hipertensi.
Hasil ini tidak mendukung pengaruh konsumsi mikronutrien terhadap kadar NO plasma pada penderita hipertensi dengan gen eNOS3 varian intron 4a4b.
Kata Kunci : hipertensi esensial, gen eNOS3, kadar NO plasma
Abstract
eNOS 3 gene intron 4a4b allel is one of the important genes which is related to hypertesion essensial. This gene expresses the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme which regulates the synthesis of Nitric oxide (NO) in human body. NO causes vasodilatation, which decreases peripheral resistant and blood pressure.
A research has been done based on cross sectional study on hypertension patients and those with normal blood pressure in the range of 30-65 years old. The main of this research is to evaluate the influence of micronutrient consumption on eNOS3 gene intron 4a4b allel expression in hypertension subjects in Minangkabau ethnicity. 130 subjects interviewed about micronutrient consumption and the
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assessment of eNOS3 gene and NO plasma level were done. The Data was analysed with t-test and chi-square. The results of this study showed that the hypertensive’s plasma NO concentration was 26.91 ± 15.40 μM/L and normotensive’s was 25.79 ± 15.04 μM/L. 55.5% of the hypertensive group has eNOS3 gene intron 4b alleles and 69% of the normotensive group has eNOS3 gene intron 4a4b alleles . Low NO plasma level can be found at 66.7% subject hypertension with eNOS3 gene allel intron 4b. There was no significant relationship between consumption of micronutrient with NO plasma level in hypertension patients.
This result did not support that consumption micronutrient can influenced NO plasma level in hypertension subject with eNOS3 gene allel 4a4b.
Key word : essensial hypertension, eNOS3 gene, NO plasma level.